indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
Qiang (Chinese ethnic group)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear
tribe; clan; (taxonomical) tribe; group (of the periodic table)
cool breeze; cool air; refreshing coolness
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
(arch.) Chinese "Extended Net" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); counter for objects with stretched strings (i.e. bows, kotos), curtains, papers, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
home town; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
adult (esp. person 20 years old or over); grownup; becoming an adult; coming of age; growing up (to be a man, woman)
insurrection; mutiny; rebellion; revolt; uprising
dismissal (from a position); discharge
in that way; thus; so; so?