に
Meanings
Particle
1. at; in; on
indicates place or time
2. to; toward; into; for
indicates direction
3. to; for; in order to
indicates purpose
4. because of; for; with; by; due to
indicates reason or cause
5. marks the target of an action; marks the recipient of an action
e.g. 友達～伝える
6. marks the outcome of a change; marks the result of an action
as in 大人～なる
7. as (i.e. in the role of; e.g. as a teacher, as a gift); for (as in "in return for"); on (i.e. on the occasion of); from (e.g. the perspective of)
8. by; from
indicates place of departure or origin of action
9. per; in; for; a (as in "once a month")
10. with; to
marks the thing being compared to, or taken as a basis
11. concerning; regarding; on (as in "knowledgeable on"); in; for (as in "suitable for"); as for; about
indicates relation or domain
12. indicates manner of action; indicates a state
e.g. ず～, 仰向け～, 一足飛び～
13. by; with; using; via
indicates means of action
14. marks the item of a decision; marks the thing being decided on
as ～する (or ～決める)
15. forms a honorific verb
after a noun or the -masu stem of a verb; as（お／ご）...～なる
16. indicates that an action is happening intensively; emphaticizes an action
after the -masu stem of a verb, followed by the same verb
17. and; in addition to
as ...に...（に）etc.
18. I did ..., but; while it is true that ...; though there may be ...
as する～はするが, where する is any repeated verb; indicates concession
19. indicates respect toward the subject of the sentence
as ～は, or ～も; e.g. 皆様～は
20. at; in
indicates location of action
21. I can't ..., even if I wanted to
as する～できない or しよう～もできない, where する is any repeated verb; e.g. 泣く～泣けない or 泣こう～も泣けない
22. although there should be ...; even though one would expect ...
as ...（よう／う）～
23. when; if; on (e.g. reflection)
mostly limited to set phrases in modern Japanese
24. although; despite; even though; and yet
dated or dialectal
| Used in | Used in % | |
|---|---|---|
| Anime | 1399 | (100%) |
| Live action | 1273 | (100%) |
| Visual novels | 537 | (100%) |
| Novels | 1668 | (100%) |
| Non-fiction | 144 | (100%) |
| Web novels | 1053 | (100%) |
| Aozora Bunko | 577 | (100%) |
Used in
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Web novel
女王陛下の特命令嬢 リリス・バレンタイン ～「ハートの女王」と呼ばれる高慢令嬢が婚約破棄しようと王子をたぶらかすヒロインをスカウトしたら、よりによってとびっきりのバカが来た～
| Used times | 1569 |
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Book (non-fiction)
Tei Layer wo Shiritai Hito no Tame no C Compiler Sakusei Nyuumon
| Used times | 1549 |
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