indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to break; to snap; to be injured; to wear out; to be worn out; to break; to burst
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
movement; transfer; migration; mobile; moving; traveling
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation
than; from; out of; except; but; more
considerably; greatly; a lot
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to bring near; to bring close; to let go near; to associate with; to bring (people) together; to let come near (of a person)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
in front of one's eyes; just nearby; within a stone's throw
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
old person; senior citizen; the aged; the elderly
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
final destination; last stop; end; conclusion; goal
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
I've heard that ...; rumour has it that ...; it appears as if ...
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
meaning; significance; sense
dim; hazy; vague; indistinct; faint; fuzzy
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
talking in delirium; incoherent muttering
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality