judging; inspection; examination; investigation; review
how many years; how long; what year
custom; general rule; convention; usually; generally; as a rule
remarkable; striking; obvious
overthrow of the shogunate
to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to do ... completely; to do ... entirely
Satsuma and Chōshū (clan alliance)
western Japan (usu. Chūbu region and westward)
approval; license; licence; permission
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
easy; likely to ...; have a tendency to ...; easy to ...
north-east; Tōhoku (northernmost six prefectures of Honshu); Tohoku
when it comes to; concerning (an area of expertise)
pre-war days; before the war
(political) administration; political power
Tōhoku region (northernmost six prefectures of Honshu); Tohoku region
continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
large amount of money; great cost
even if; even though; however; no matter how
wherein; therein; thereinto
to distinguish oneself; to stand out
one's family; family member
to come from; to have roots in
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
established (certain) fact
inevitable; necessary; certain; inevitability; necessity
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
normalization (of a social problem, of a situation, etc.)
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
ancestral; hereditary; generation after generation; passing from father to son
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
at that time; in those days
financial Big Bang (1996-2001)
financial institutions; banking facilities
system; institution; organization; organisation
simultaneous; all at once
exchange; conversion; replacement; switching (to); switchover