indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the front; honesty; uprightness; decency; normality
bath; bathing; bathhouse; public bath; room for drying lacquerware; base (wooden joint connecting the blade of a hoe, spade, etc., to the handle)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
dangerous; in danger; facing imminent danger; precarious (situation); perilous (state, balance, etc.); in doubt
to burst into tears; to burst out crying; to begin to cry; to be moved to tears
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
companion; follower; attendant; retinue
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
emigration; immigration; emigrant; immigrant
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in general; generally; mostly; gist; point; main idea
bathtub; boat with a bathtub rented to customers (Edo period)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
habit; (social) custom; practice; convention
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
luxury; extravagance; to live in luxury; to indulge oneself; lavish (use of something); abundant
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
town; city; municipal; urban
everywhere; all over; throughout
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
circulation; rotation; cycle; loop
to perceive; to grasp (the situation)
while it may be true that; just because; nevertheless; not necessarily
cheap; inexpensive; calm; peaceful; quiet
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
form; shape; figure; visage