cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
autumn colours; fall colors; leaves turning red; red leaves; leaves turning yellow; yellow leaves; (Japanese) maple (Acer japonicum)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to pass (of time); to elapse
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
authority; expert; counter for messages, letters, notes, documents, etc.; understanding (esp. of male-female relations); tact; supernatural powers
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
ghost that appears at sea during a shipwreck; something strange or suspicious; idiot; fool; noh mask for roles involving dead or ghost characters
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with something; handling; administration
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
ago; since; before; previous