peacekeeping operations; PKO
four; four years of age; ten o'clock (old time system); Burakumin; cross grips
pork-barrel politician; special-interest politician; politician lobbying for the benefit of the private industries to which they are connected
family association; association of families
to gather momentum; to gather strength; (for a trend) to reach a peak
not budging an inch; to stand one's ground
advanced; developed; seniority; senior; superior
modern times; the modern age; this day and age
teleconference; video conferencing
heated argument; heated discussion; heated debate
injuries and sickness; wounds and illness
daily allowance; daily wages
to fall ill; to be taken ill
to apply correspondingly; to correspond to; to be proportionate to; to conform to
tacit; unspoken; implicit
condescending attitude; arrogant attitude; looking down on
pleasant feeling; good feeling
Ministry of Finance (1869-2001); Ministry of the Treasury (under the ritsuryo system)
control tower; conning tower; leader; commander; playmaker; game maker
consumption tax (incl. sales tax, VAT, excise duty, etc.)
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry; METI
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; MEXT
to get (much) colder; to deepen (cold); to feel cold (of the body); to be chilled to the bones; to worsen (of relations, economic conditions, etc.)
research funds (expenses)
retreat; falling back; recession; waning; backspace (key)
evacuation; emission (e.g. of CO2, etc.); ejection
expulsion of a public official and subsequent ban on participating in politics (by the SCAP during the allied occupation); purge
reform bill; reform proposal; amendment
matter of life or death; life-and-death problem
inferiority (e.g. numerical); inferior position; disadvantage; unfavorable situation; unfavourable situation
zaibatsu; financial conglomerate; industrial group
company director; board member