indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to commit (e.g. crime); to perpetrate; to break (e.g. rule); to violate; to rape; to violate
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
shout; cry; outcry; yell; shriek; scream
highly virtuous monk; monk; Buddhist solitary; Buddhist missionary; saint (i.e. a virtuous person); (arch.) emperor; master
nature (of a person); sex; gender; sex (i.e. sexual attraction, activity, etc.); gender; -ty
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to desire; to wish; to beg; to request; to have something done for oneself
bright light; hope; bright future; light emanating from a buddha or bodhisattva, symbolizing their wisdom and compassion
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
to dye; to colour; to color
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
hostility; antagonism; opposition
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
pure; innocent; pure; unmixed; long kimono made from the same plain-coloured cloth
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
subterranean rumbling; earth tremor
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to