that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
to touch; to feel; to touch (with); to experience; to come in contact with; to touch on (a subject); to allude to
solemn (ceremony, atmosphere, etc.); austere; grave; majestic; dignified; stately
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
incident; affair; happening; event
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
halfway up (down) a mountain; mountainside
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
wasteland; wilderness; abandoned land; devastated land
honorific/polite/humble prefix
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to desire; to wish for; to expect; to see; to command (a view of)
in order to; for the purpose of; must; should
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to go to and from (a place); to go back and forth between; to go to (school, work, etc.); to attend; to circulate (e.g. blood, electricity); to be communicated (e.g. thought)
playing; play (margin between on and off, gap before pressing button or lever has an effect)
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
inconvenience; inexpediency; unhandiness
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
the most; the best; peerless; the greatest; first-rate
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
dissatisfaction; discontent; displeasure; complaint; unhappiness
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question