here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
writing; composition; essay; sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
speech; words; one's lines; remarks
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
voice; speech; sound of a voice; sound (e.g. of a TV)
second (unit of time); arc second
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
frame; flame (abusive or threatening message)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
to clear up; to clear away; to refresh (e.g. spirits); to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion); to be dispelled; to be banished
to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves); to scatter; to be dispersed; to disappear; to dissolve; to spread
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
to become clear (water, air, etc.); to become transparent; to resonate clearly (e.g. voice); to become serene; to become tranquil; to pronounce as an unvoiced sound
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
far away; distant place; long ago; far back; by far
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
clearly; plainly; distinctly; to be clear; to be definite; to be certain
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
messenger; police and judicial chief (Heian and Kamakura periods); klesha (polluting thoughts such as greed, hatred and delusion, which result in suffering)
before oneself; in front of one; a bit before reaching (a location); this side (of a location); one's standpoint; one's appearance; skill
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
and; thereupon; because of that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
splendid; nice; sufficient; fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"); well enough; OK