indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
the whole company; the party; attendance (at a gathering); presence; banquet; dinner; troupe
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Chris; Kris; Kriss; Kurisu
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
honorific/polite/humble prefix
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
art; craft; accomplishment; artistic skill; technique; performance
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
woman; female; feminine gender
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
please; somehow or other; one way or another
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
I; me; personal (affairs, etc.); private; selfishness; partiality
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...