to be needed; to be wanted
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
repair; mending; fixing; servicing
telephone call; phone call; telephone (device); phone
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
office worker; company employee; company man; salaryman (stereotypical Japanese office worker)
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
prices of commodities; prices (in general); cost-of-living
kimono; Japanese traditional clothing (esp. full-length); clothing; clothes
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
that way; that direction; that (one); that person; there; over there
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)