chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
by myself; in person; by oneself
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
wise; clever; smart; well-behaved (esp. children and pets); obedient; good
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
miserable; wretched; unhappy; sad; pitiable
state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances
there is no way that ...; easy; simple
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
people; men and women; each person; everybody
loser; defeated person; the defeated
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
record of a person's words and deeds
(many) mountains; very much (wanting to do something one cannot); greatly; so many; a lot of
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
surroundings; environs; circumference
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); wall (of stones)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
outside (e.g. of a building); exterior; outside (of a group, company, etc.); outside world