illustration appearing in the first pages of a publication; frontispiece
text (of a book, document, etc.); body (of a letter); this passage; this sentence
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
lottery; lot; raffle; draw
firm-sided backpack made of leather, etc. (used by Japanese elementary schoolchildren, often red for girls and black for boys)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
writing; composition; essay; sentence
expression; presentation; representation; notation
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
unexpected; unforeseen; strange
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
example; simile; metaphor; allegory
meaning; significance; sense
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
archaic word; obsolete word; old saying; old adage; old language; ancient language
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
fine weather (i.e. little or no clouds); fair weather; clear weather; clear sky; fair skies
to abbreviate; to omit; to take; to capture
disposition; inclination; characteristic; sexual disposition; fetish
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to praise; to commend; to compliment; to speak well of; to speak highly of
to get angry; to get mad; to tell someone off; to scold; to be angular; to be square
Now let's return to the main subject; To return from the digression,.. (in a conversation, speech, or story-telling)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...