long-established; old-established; traditional
merchant; trader; expert (in a trade or profession); professional; woman working in the nightlife business (bar or nightclub hostess, geisha, etc.); demimondaine
capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government; capital (of music, fashion, etc.); city (e.g. of light); location of the Imperial Palace
upper stratum (classes, stories, storeys); upper layer; layer above
another place; somewhere else; outside (one's family or group); someone else; not caring for; being indifferent to
the ostentation (bad taste) of the nouveau riche; air of vulgar prosperity
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
exterior; packaging; cladding; armor (armour); arm
to compete; to contend; to vie; to contest
not a pretty sight; appalling; not a good look
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
your home; your family; their home; (my) home
to grow; to cultivate; to wear a beard
top of the head; vertex; parietal
remnant; fragment; fraction; odd sum; halfway; half-hearted
to taste; to eat; to drink; to speak (of); to refer (to); to say
with a twitch (e.g. an eyebrow); with a dip; with a bob; with a flutter
to see through; to see into (someone's heart, mind, etc.); to perceive; to find out; to detect
pushing back one's opponent while locked in close quarters; having a tendency towards; being close to
simplistic (thinking, idea, etc.); hasty
counter for choices, options, etc.
homework; assignment; pending issue; unresolved problem; open question
exchange; interchange; switching; reciprocity; barter; substitution
present; gift; to give a present or gift
disk; disc; tray; shallow bowl; grid; board (e.g. in shogi)
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
to stop; to abort; to discontinue; to close
scene; setting; scene (in a movie, play); shot; state of the market
to put into effect; to put into practice
to sit down at the dining table (with someone); to eat with company; to share a table
national defence forces; national security forces
exaggerated; overblown; pretentious
assertion; declaration; affirmation
to behave like a spoiled child; to fawn on; to take advantage of; to presume upon (e.g. another's benevolence); to depend on
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
above anything else; above all; more than anything; best; greatest; excellent
careful; cautious; prudent; discreet; deliberate