to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
loveable; very likeable; like very much
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
winter vacation; winter holidays
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
wing; Chinese "Wings" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (arch.) counter for birds or bird wings
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to begin to say; to start talking; to broach (a matter); to be the first to say; to suggest (doing); to propose
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
senior high school; high school
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
July; seventh month of the lunar calendar
prefecture (Japan); county (China, Taiwan, Norway, etc.); department (France); province (Italy, Spain, etc.)
restaurant (esp. Western-style)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
overnight stay; stopover; inn; hotel; anchorage; night duty
including; inclusive of; komi; extra points given to the white player as compensation for playing second (in go)
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to greet; to call out (to); to invite; to get in touch (with); to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
bento; Japanese box lunch