book; volume; this; present; main; head
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
image (used to explain or demonstrate something); illustration; illustrative picture; (digital) image
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
re-; again; repeated; deutero-; deuto-; deuter-
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
advance notice; previous note; preliminary announcement; trailer (film, TV); preview
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
writing vertically; vertical writing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to see; to look; to watch; to try to
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
difference; variation; difference
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
Kshitigarbha (bodhisattva who looks over children, travellers and the underworld); Ksitigarbha; Jizō
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
with these words; while saying
to return a favor (favour); to repay
to sink; to go under; to go down (e.g. sun); to set; to feel depressed; to become subdued
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
instead of; in place of; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in return for; to make up for
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
to illuminate; to shine a light on; to light up
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
to straighten up one's back (e.g. stand up straight, sit up straight); to hold one's head high