indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
corporate drone; corporate slave
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be awash with; to teem with; to be full of
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
children's game in which three or more stand back-to-back in a circle and jostle
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
coercion; extortion; compulsion; force
inside a car (train, bus, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
delay; lag; postponement; falling behind
railway station; train station; staging post on a highway (in pre-modern Japan); counter for railway stations and bus stations
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
announcement (esp. over public-address system); official announcement; formal information release
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to take a breath; to take a short rest
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
no matter what it takes; by any means necessary; at all costs; by hook or by crook
regular time; stated period
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
to be enthusiastic about; to be eager; to be keen
strong spirit; mettle; backbone; guts; fighting spirit
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to