to replace; to substitute; to shift; to change places
to become fraught with emotion
piercing; shrill; noisy; loud; clamorous; wild
horn; alarm; whistle; foghorn
to come off; to slip down; to slip off
unsteadily (walking); waddling; staggeringly; totteringly
hired car with driver; chauffeur-driven vehicle for hire
one (of a pair); incomplete; imperfect; few; little; off-centre
same row; same line; same file; same rank; same level; same category
censor; overseer; inspector (Edo period)
to employ; to hire; to charter
reading through (a book); finishing (a book)
person with low tastes; uncultured person; worldly person; ordinary person (who has not entered the priesthood); layperson; layman
amusement; entertainment; recreation; pleasure; pastime; hobby
talented person; clever person
lacking substance and existing in name only; something without substance
youth; child (esp. of the young son of someone of high social standing); young; new
change in pronunciation or meaning of a word; sound change; word with an altered pronunciation or meaning; turning or twisting part of a text (in Chinese poetry)
to be mixed up with; to have a connection with (a troublesome matter); to be a stickler about; to be finicky about (some triviality); to take part (in some work); to hang about
sun (approx. 3.03 cm); length; measurement; shortness; tininess
finally; at last; ultimately; in the end
solely; entirely; only; or
to study; to complete (a course); to order (one's life); to repair (a fault one has committed)
this for sure; certainly is
studies; schoolwork; classwork
red rice (beans and mochi) for auspicious occasions
to cook (grains, e.g. rice); to boil; to simmer; to stew
deterioration; degradation; drop in quality; becoming unattractive (because of aging)
to live; to reside; to inhabit
person concerned; interested party; related party
from afar; over a great distance; all the way
despite having waited a long time; in spite of having waited a long time
unexpressed; unspoken; implied; implicit
lip service; mere words; professions; lips; mouth; snout
at all costs; at any cost; surmounting all difficulties