courtyard; quadrangle; middle court
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
turning round; going around; turning about; surrounding; encircling
to surround; to crowd around
corridor; gallery; hallway; cloister (i.e. covered walk typically circling a building or garden, esp. in a palace or place of worship)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
light (of movements); nimble; light-hearted; cheerful; taking a turn for the better (of an illness); receding of symptoms
to walk noisily; to walk loudly
to go past; to pass; to pass by
approximate age; age range
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
don't you think?; indicates question
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
dark brown; colour of tanned skin
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
left and right; right and left; (asserting) control; influence; one's attendants; people accompanying one
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
place; situation; position; location
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to tie up; to tie together; to hang (oneself); to summarize; to put (it all) together; to estimate; to expect
innocent; cherubic; childlike
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
most part; greater part; majority
to occupy; to hold; to account for; to make up; to take up
wide open (of eyes); large and bright (eyes)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
characteristic (of); peculiar (to)
pretty; charming; lovely; adorable
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during