cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
to be clear (of a sight, sound, colour, etc.); to be bright; to be clear-headed; to be alert; to look upbeat; to be perky; to master (a skill)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hearth; fireplace; furnace; kiln
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to rise up (e.g. pillar of smoke); to go up
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rock; to shake; to swing
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
Japan; name for Japan used in ancient China
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
main shrine; inner sanctuary
possession; ownership; Tibet; Tibetan people
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
temple; shrine; hall; company; (arch.) front room
door; gate; opening; title page
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to throw open; to leave open
to flow out; to stream out; to pour out; to gush forth; to leak; to ooze out
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
to run about; to rush about
Shugendō; Japanese mountain asceticism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts
head temple of a sect; (organizational) headquarters; (organisational) headquarters
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
appropriate; adequate; suitable; fitting; worthy
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa); Japanese cypress
azalea (Rhododendron spp.)
nashi (Pyrus pyrifolia, esp. var. culta); Japanese pear; Asian pear; sand pear; apple pear
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
miscellaneous; mixed; unorganized
(many) trees; every tree; all kinds of trees
joint; knuckle; tune; melody; knot (in wood); node in a bamboo stem