this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
choking; suffocating; stifling; oppressive; heavy
imperial court; royal court
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
royal capital; imperial capital
end; verge; extremity; miss; failure; blank (e.g. lottery ticket)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
mission; errand; task; duty; obligation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to find out; to discover; to select; to pick out; to look out (from the inside); to be wide-eyed (in surprise, anger, etc.)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to accomplish; to finish; to fulfill
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to do ... completely; to do ... entirely
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
to be surprised; to be astonished
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation