so far; up to now; hitherto; that's enough (for today); it ends here
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
outline; summary; argument
ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
together; jointly; at the same time; with; both
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
second-year student; biennial
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to hold (in one's hand); to take (into one's hand); to own; to obtain
strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
another world (esp. in fiction); otherworld; parallel universe; different-dimension world; isekai
to let fly; to make fly; to skip over; to leave out; to run fast; to drive fast; to spray
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
by means of; due to; because of; according to
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
pirate; sea robber; buccaneer; freebooter
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
edge (of a knife or sword); prong (of an electrical plug)
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
curse; spell; malediction
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop