one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
regular; normal; formal; legal; established; legitimate
lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
participation; joining; entry; adherence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
Sanjusangen-do (hall in Kyoto)
student accommodation; student dormitory
boarder; boarding student
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
umeboshi; pickled dried ume; pickled dried plum
garden; yard; courtyard; field (of action); area
to line up; to set up; to enumerate; to itemize; to be equal (to); to compare well (with)
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
summer airing (of clothes)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
inattention; absent-mindedness
Japanese apricot (Prunus mume); Japanese plum; ume; lowest (of a three-tier ranking system)
to pickle thoroughly; to pickle a large amount
bottle; jar; decanter; flagon; phial; vial
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
to burn; to be roasted; to be heated; to be jealous; to be envious
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
tide; current; sea water; opportunity; chance; thin soup of fish or shellfish boiled in seawater
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
surroundings; environs; circumference
to surround; to crowd around
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to