first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
iron (Fe); strong and hard (as iron); railway; railway enthusiast
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
military shoes; combat boots
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
far away; distant place; long ago; far back; by far
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
fully armed; armed to the teeth
body; group; party; gang; troupe; troop
to face; to go towards; to head towards
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fortress; stronghold; citadel
town; city; municipal; urban
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
twentieth day of the month; twenty days
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
neighbouring country; neighboring country; adjacent country
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
aggression; invasion; raid
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in