right; right-hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing
cooperative relation; cooperative relationship; collaborative relationships; cooperative structure; cooperative ties; cooperative alliance
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to lose (through death) (e.g. wife, child)
substitute; replacement; stand-in; proxy; compensation; exchange
(Edo-period) town magistrate
certainty; reality; regular; permanent; samadhi (state of intense concentration achieved through meditation)
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
rotation; making the rounds; spreading; effect; efficacy; by way of; via
concentricity; same mind; unanimity; policeman; constable in the Edo period
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
together; jointly; at the same time; with; both
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
place; spot; grounds; arena; stadium; range
to go to and from (a place); to go back and forth between; to go to (school, work, etc.); to attend; to circulate (e.g. blood, electricity); to be communicated (e.g. thought)
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
friend; companion; comrade; accompaniment; companion (e.g. book); complement
fellow; mutual; companion; comrade
double-lined fusilier (Pterocaesio digramma); Taiwan (nickname); Takasago (classic noh play by Zeami)
eccentric; oddball; character; weirdo
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
apprenticeship; probation; learning by observation; apprentice; trainee; probationer
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
counter for stories, episodes of TV series, etc.
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
new rice; first rice crop of the year; novice; beginner; newcomer
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
advantage; benefit; profit; interest
root (of a plant); root (of a tooth, hair, etc.); center (of a pimple, etc.); root (of all evil, etc.); source; one's true nature
river; stream; River; the ... river
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Kanto; region consisting of Tokyo and surrounding prefectures; Kanto; north-eastern half of Japan (during the feudal era)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
torrentially; swiftly flowing (water, esp. river); (speak) eloquently; fluently; flood of the times (moving strongly in one direction); current of the times
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
fields (of rice and other crops)