chapter one; first chapter
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
school festival; campus festival
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to look out on; to overlook; to face (a situation, crisis, etc.); to meet (e.g. death); to deal with (an issue); to attend (e.g. a function)
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
from season to season; season by season; of each season; in each season
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
the place one comes from; one's birthplace; one's hometown
or; either ... or; maybe; perhaps; some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...
cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus); shamisen; geisha; wheelbarrow; clay bed-warmer; bottom; submissive partner of a homosexual relationship
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to represent; to signify; to reveal; to show; to express; to make widely known
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
describing; comparing; form; figure; personal appearance; one's face and figure
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
right; correct; proper; righteous; just
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
actually; really; truly; in practice; practically
to be born and raised (in); to be born and brought up; to be born and bred
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
in comparison to; rather than
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
changing seasons; season's transition; transition from one season to the next; turn of the seasons; turning of the seasons
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
real feeling; actual feeling; to actually feel; to have a real feeling (that ...); to experience personally
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...