if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to coo at; to behave like a spoiled child; to snort; to sniff
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
tatami mat (esp. as a measure of room size, either 1.82 sqm or 1.54 sqm)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be crowded; to be packed; to be complex; to go into; to put into; to do intently
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
too much; excessively; too
long time; long interval; for quite some time
to become overgrown; to grow thick; to spread; to run rampant; to thrive
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to stick to; to cling to; to adhere to
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
(not) merely; (not) simply
sunlight; rays of the Sun
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to wash away; to rinse off
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
futon; Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet; round cushion used for Zen meditation (traditionally made of woven bulrush leaves)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be wrapped up (e.g. in a blanket); to cover oneself
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
approximate age; apparent age; marriageable age (esp. of a woman); age of maturity; appropriate age (to ...); old enough (to ...)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively