time; hour; period; class
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
consequence; outcome; result; blame
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
awfully; frightfully; desperately; violently; unduly; extremely
clanging; empty; deserted
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
but then; although; though; reasonable; natural; just
business district; shopping district; bustling street; shopping centre; shopping center; downtown
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
storehouse; warehouse; godown
multi-floor building; multi-storey building; bill
surroundings; environs; circumference
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to stand in a line; to stand in a row; to be equal
environment; circumstance
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
great difference; big difference; wide margin
probably isn't (doesn't, won't, etc.); don't (doesn't) intend to; intend not to; must not; (when used in an imperative sentence) don't
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
temple (esp. large one); monastery; temple building
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
to lie deep in; to extend far back
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
to be sooty; to be stained
signboard; sign; draw; attraction; reputation (of a shop); name
in terms of both ... and ...; from the perspective of ... as well as ...; whether it be ... or ...
to make a mistake (in); to commit an error (e.g. in calculation); to confuse; to mistake something for something else
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
transparency; degree of clearness
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
to get slightly dirty (all over)
side street (often parallel to a main street); back street; alley; alleyway