to cross over (e.g. mountain); to go across; to get over (e.g. hardship); to pass time (e.g. a winter); to surpass; to be better than; to move house
proceeding to Kyoto; entering Kyoto
gold (Au); golden (color); valuable; of highest value; money; gold coin; Friday
group; bunch; crowd; group
stronghold; inner citadel; base; headquarters
to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
though; notwithstanding; although
still (continuing); as ever; further
overthrow of the shogunate
continuation; continuance; going on; resuming
ronin; masterless samurai
farmer; peasant; farming; the common people
chōnin (Edo-period social class of town-dwelling commoners, esp. landowning merchants); townspeople; townsfolk; tradespeople
to tie up in a bundle (e.g. straw, hair, bills, letters); to bundle; to govern; to manage; to fold (one's arms); to put together (one's hands)
along; parallel to; in accordance with
such ... as; or some such
(sheet) music; (musical) note; genealogy; family tree; record of a game of go, shogi, chess, etc.
brigadier general; commodore
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
brightness; discernment; insight; eyesight; vision; nth year in the Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
koku; traditional unit of volume, approx. 180.4 litres; measure of a Japanese-style boat's loading capacity (approx. 278.26 liters)
all; whole; entire; complete (set); in total
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to be accompanied by; to be attended by; to take along (someone); to conquer; to subjugate; to subdue
to extend; to stretch out; to attend; to participate in; to enrol; to enroll
eastern direction; the Orient; eastern fighter in a match (e.g. sumo wrestling)
mountain range; mountain belt
dimly; faintly; absentmindedly; vacantly; idly; aimlessly
to become misty; to become hazy; to get blurry; to grow dim; to be overshadowed; to be upstaged
to peek (through a keyhole, gap, etc.); to look down into (a ravine, etc.); to peek into (a shop, bookstore, etc.); to sneak a look at; to take a quick look at; to peep (through a telescope, microscope, etc.); to stick out (a scarf from a collar, etc.)
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
dwelling; house; residence; den; habitat
vagrancy; wandering; nomadism
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); just like (someone)
heir; inheritor; successor
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
adds force or indicates command