indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
blue; azure; green; pale; gray; unripe
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
Soviet Union; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; USSR
advantageous; favourable; better; profitable; lucrative; gainful
statement; remark; observation; utterance; speech; proposal
free translation; liberal translation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
in that manner; like that
world; society; people; the public
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be handed down; to be introduced; to be transmitted; to be circulated; to go along; to walk along
at that time; in those days
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
people; men and women; each person; everybody
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
romance (e.g. Arthurian romances); heroic tale; (nigh) impossible dream; adventurous spirit; (full-length) novel; romance
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
anywhere; for all time; through thick and thin; come hell or high water; persistently; stubbornly
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as