by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
nth year in the Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
20 years old; (arch.) twenty
certain; one; (arch.) I; (arch.) me
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
rule; reign; peaceful times
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (someone's) side
look; glimpse; apparently; seemingly; (arch.) first meeting
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
prosperity; thriving; flourishing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
rejoicing; glorification; exultation; celebration; enjoyment; singing praises
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
centre; center; pivot; central nervous system
shogun's demesne; area under direct control of the shogun; imperial lands; area under direct control of the Emperor
large; big; older; senior; final; ultimate
Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo
executive; government; administration; governance; the authorities
special ward; special economic zone (China); special administrative region of China (e.g. Hong Kong)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
kilo-; 1000; kilogram; kilogramme; kilometre; kilometer
foot of a mountain; plain at the foot of a mountain; range; spread; extent
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
vast; extensive; immense; huge; large; grand
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
as you were; return to your original position!; er, rather
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in
one large ...; a great ...
educational institution; school; academy; campus
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
the art of war; martial arts; military force; the sword; (arch.) valor; (arch.) bravery
cram school; private tutoring school; juku