prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
sky; air; ether; firmament; the heavens
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
grand; magnificent; majestic; great; sublime
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
mountain range; mountain belt
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rise perpendicularly; to tower steeply
gloomy; melancholy; dreary; depressed; dismal
meaning; tenor; effect; influence; appearance; aspect
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
to be erected; to be built
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
ivy (esp. Boston ivy, Parthenocissus tricuspidata)
to grow thickly; to be in full leaf; to be rampant; to luxuriate; to be luxurious
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to peek (through a keyhole, gap, etc.); to look down into (a ravine, etc.); to peek into (a shop, bookstore, etc.); to sneak a look at; to take a quick look at; to peep (through a telescope, microscope, etc.); to stick out (a scarf from a collar, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to fall into ruin; to be desolated
construction; establishment
at that time; in those days
luxurious; magnificent; extravagant; sumptuous
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
now (esp. in contrast to the past); now at last; at present; right now
ruins (of a building, town, etc.); remains
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to mistake (A for B); to misread
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
to blink (one's eyes); to wink; to bat; to twinkle (e.g. stars); to flicker; to waver
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; division; phylum; counter for cannons
to compromise; to meet halfway; to step up to; to walk up to; to approach
figure of a person; figures of people; shadow of a person