indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
by myself; in person; by oneself
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
empty; void; vain; fruitless; lifeless
to become stronger; to grow in intensity; to grow violent; to invite contributions, etc.; to solicit help, participation, etc.; to recruit (e.g. soldiers)
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
Golden Week (early-May holiday season in Japan)
to become loose; to slacken (e.g. rope); to become less tense; to relax; to slacken (e.g. coldness, supervision); to become lax; to become softer (e.g. ground, facial expression)
first period (e.g. first class in school day)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
end; finish; bounds; limits; delivery date (of a futures contract); finale (of a noh song); end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
intensely; severely; strictly; tightly; compactly; closely
to be packed (with); to be full (space, schedule, etc.); to be blocked (road, pipe, nose, etc.); to be clogged; to shorten (width, interval, etc.); to shrink (shirt, word form, etc.); to be at a loss
lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
very; considerably; by no means; not readily; middle; half-way point
straight (ahead); direct; upright; straightforward; honest; frank
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
desire; want; will; wish; urge; craving
(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
having done that; if that is done; if it is done in that way
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
even though; despite; when
head (chief, director) of a section or department; head of a (school) club; head of a (school) team
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as