already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to pass (of time); to elapse
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
don't you think?; indicates question
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
the old days; the past; former times; the past ten years; the past decade
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
car; automobile; motorcar; motor vehicle; auto
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
cellar; cave; hole in the ground
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
machinery and materials; equipment; materials for manufacturing machinery
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to bring in; to take in; to approach (someone) with (a proposal, offer, problem, etc.); to bring; to bring (to another stage); to take (e.g. to court, to extra time, to a play-off)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
defeat; lost battle; losing a war
near; close (to); nearby; (drawing) near; approaching; almost here
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
unnatural; artificial; false; forced (e.g. smile); empty (e.g. compliments)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
development; cultivation; application; exploitation (of resources)
room; wife (of someone of high rank); scabbard; Chinese "Encampment" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
too (much); overly; excessively
suitable; appropriate; becoming; fitting
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
How did you like ...?; How about ...?; What's going on?; How's it going?
he; she; this; this one; hey, you!; you bastard!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season