indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to represent; to signify; to reveal; to show; to express; to make widely known
pleasant feeling; pleasant sensation; pleasure
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
usual; normal; everyday; usually; normally; generally
(parasitic) host; landlord; innkeeper
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
bodily; physical; corporeal; sexual; sensual; of the flesh
sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
single; solo; solitary; just one; only one
to be clear (of a sight, sound, colour, etc.); to be bright; to be clear-headed; to be alert; to look upbeat; to be perky; to master (a skill)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
than; from; out of; except; but; more
translation; version (e.g. "English version")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indeed; really; absolutely; truly; actually; very
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet (by chance); to come across; to run across; to encounter; to happen upon