step; stair; shelf; layer; grade; level; dan (degree of advanced proficiency in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.)
underground; below the ground; world of the dead; the grave; underground (activities, movement, etc.); secret
first floor; ground floor; one floor; one storey; one rank
sound of a flat surface repeatedly making contact with something; applying a seal or stamp again and again; pasting (paper) all over; daubing; smearing
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to add up to; to advance (in price)
dissatisfaction; discontent; displeasure; complaint; unhappiness
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)
to lower one's voice; to speak more softly
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
something heard for the first time; hearing something for the first time
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to take (seat, position, course, office, etc.); to assume; to ascend (the throne); to accede; to start (on a journey); to commence
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
look!; see!; here!; there!; hey!
the Eastern Capital (now Tokyo); Yedo; Edo
sincerity; true heart; devotion
workforce reduction; personnel cut
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
on the surface; ostensibly; superficially; apparently
to drain; to pour; to float (e.g. logs down a river); to set adrift; to wash away; to carry away; to broadcast
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
intentionally; deliberately; designedly; especially; particularly
dear (old); fondly remembered; beloved; missed; nostalgic
for no particular reason; for some reason or other; somehow or other
fate; destiny (esp. as a mysterious force that binds two people together); relationship (e.g. between two people); bond; family ties; affinity; opportunity
to break; to snap; to be injured; to wear out; to be worn out; to break; to burst
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
comrade in arms; war buddy; fellow soldier
to go up the stairs; to climb the stairs
fast (walking); quick; brisk; quick (passing of time); rapid; swift
kitchen door; back door; service door; host's entrance to a tea-ceremony room
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
parched; dried-up; empty; hollow; rattling; clattering