(spring) tension rod; tension pole
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
present (e.g. government, administration); current; existing
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
all; entire; whole; altogether
hiragana; cursive Japanese syllabary used primarily for native Japanese words (esp. function words, inflections, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
sentimental; mushy; sugary; saccharine; sickly-sweet
to speak; to hear a voice
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
back; rear; background; behind the scenes
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
metre; meter; meter; gauge
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
while; even though; despite
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
judgment; judgement; divination; judgement
to go against; to oppose; to disobey; to defy
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
attendance (at school); going to school
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
annual (plant); first-year student