indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to desire; to wish; to beg; to request; to have something done for oneself
match; game; bout; contest
assembly hall; meeting place; venue; grounds
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
tumult; great noise; clatter; hustle and bustle
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
brilliant; bright; dazzling
to shine; to glitter; to sparkle
sacred fire; sacred flame; Olympic flame; Olympic torch
back; reverse; rear side; height; stature; ridge (of a mountain)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
quiet; calm; leisurely; distant; far-off; boundless
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
(sleeveless) undergarment; padded undershirt
guard; protector; defensive armament; personal armor (armour)
to wrap up; to pack; to cover; to envelop; to conceal (a feeling); to hide
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
powerful; strong; forceful; reassuring; encouraging
bamboo sword (for kendo); bamboo fencing stick
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
silence (not speaking); muteness
there; that situation; that occasion; the spot (i.e. "on the spot"); immediately; then and there
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
attitude to life; form of existence; way of life
above anything else; above all; more than anything; best; greatest; excellent
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as