and; thereupon; because of that
udon soup containing deep-fried beef offal
Kawachi (former province located in the east of present-day Osaka Prefecture)
famous product; special product; speciality; specialty
hormone; cows' or pigs' offal (entrails)
crisp (e.g. potato chip, fried fish, etc.); crunchy; grumpily; touchily; scratching
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
oil cake (fertilizer made of oily vegetable dregs); deep-fried meat (esp. beef offal) resembling a pork rind
to boil well; to stew; to simmer (for a long time); to cook (various ingredients) together
udon; thick Japanese wheat noodles
trembling; shivering; jiggling; wobbling; bouncing
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
to look (sound, behave) grown-up; to be adult-like; to mature
schoolyard; playground; school grounds; campus
Leghorn (var. of chicken)
chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus); domestic chicken; chicken meat
to have (something) innate; to be born with
just as; in the act of; as soon as; at the moment that
show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation
rest; recess; vacation; holiday; dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)
banter; raillery; ridicule; teasing; making fun of
pronunciation; production of sound
one cause; one reason; one factor
counter for birds, rabbits, etc.
annihilation; total destruction; complete destruction; crushing defeat
economic; financial; economical; thrifty; frugal
lack; deficiency; vacancy; absence; non-attendance
assimilation district; area targeted for antidiscrimination measures; burakumin area
Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7); reminiscent of the Shōwa era; Shōwa- nostalgic; old-fashioned
Edo shogunate (1603-1867)
(metropolitan) prefecture (of Osaka and Kyoto); the centre or seat (of) (center); (government) office; fu; historical administrative unit in China, Korea and Vietnam
discriminatory remark; hate speech
impeachment; denunciation; accusation; censure
Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
command; order; dictation; nth year in the Reiwa era (May 1, 2019-)
name given to the lowest rank of the Japanese caste system after its abolition