sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
here and there; all around; everywhere; to get things in the wrong order (back to front); to become muddled up
one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look
to crawl; to creep; to slither; to wriggle; to trail (of vines, flowers, etc.); to spread
skip it; drop it; I've had enough (e.g. when offered something); that's enough
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; (arch.) that's right
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to try and do something; to attempt to do something
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish