elementary school; primary school; school for children over eight years old in ancient China; traditional Chinese philology
little girl; maiden; young lady; female usually between 7 and 18 years old
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
weapon; arms; ordnance; weapon (something used to gain an advantage); asset
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
in that manner; like that
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
mostly; nearly; practically; well-nigh; almost invariably; all but
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
(many) trees; every tree; all kinds of trees
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to talk; to chat; to chatter
crow (Corvus spp.); raven
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of