chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
cave; hollow; cavity; hollow
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
right; right-hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take away; to carry away
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
passage (of time); elapsing; progress; development; transit
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to tie; to restrain; to confine; to bind; to fasten
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
book; volume; this; present; main; head
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
water; liquid; fluid; moisture; humidity; sap
supply; supplying; replenishment
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to close one's eyes; to lower one's eyelids; to shut one's eyes; to die; to breathe one's last
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
deplorable; regrettable; disappointing; vexing; unfortunate
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
resuscitation; regeneration; reformation; rehabilitation; playback; regeneration (sound, etc.)
have to (verb); must (verb); is indispensable; absolutely necessary
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common