book; volume; this; present; main; head
ebook; e-book; electronic book; digital book
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
image (used to explain or demonstrate something); illustration; illustrative picture; (digital) image
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
re-; again; repeated; deutero-; deuto-; deuter-
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
advance notice; previous note; preliminary announcement; trailer (film, TV); preview
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
writing vertically; vertical writing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to see; to look; to watch; to try to
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
difference; variation; difference
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
orderly; regular; systematic; well-organized; well-organised; trim
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to cover a surface; to spread all over; to blanket; to lay
stone paving; cobble paving; stone steps; check (pattern); pavé; rectangular dessert (usu. made from chocolate or several layers of sponge cake)
violence; assault; rough (e.g. handling); reckless; rape; sexual assault
to kick away; to kick off; to kick hard; to refuse curtly; to reject outright
sound of footsteps; sense or sign that something is approaching
how many people; a number of people
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
rough; wild; rude; harsh; gruff; violent
restless; fidgety; in a hurry
to fire (gun, arrow, questions, etc.); to shoot; to set free; to release; to emit (e.g. light); to give off (e.g. a scent)
while; during; while; although; all; both
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
to go past; to pass; to pass by
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk