earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
than; from; out of; except; but; more
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
don't you think?; indicates question
loss (of something); disadvantage; mistake; error; flaw; defect
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
ten; 10; ten years of age
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
one four-of-a-kind and one three-of-a-kind in a dealt hand; three and a four (in dice games)
the five elements (in Chinese philosophy: wood, fire, earth, metal and water); the five phases; five practices of the Bodhisattvas; the five pillars of Islam
adds force or indicates command
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; (arch.) that's right
to put on clothes; to wear clothes; to be the personification of
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
to throw oneself (e.g. off a cliff, etc.)
moment; brief space of time
lapse of memory; forgetting completely; (consigning to) oblivion
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
to drop; to lose; to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice)
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
living thing; living creature; animal; life