Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
Star Festival (held in July or August); Tanabata
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
flapping; rattling (sound); noisily; commotion; kerfuffle
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
bustling; busy; crowded; lively (party, voices, etc.); loud; noisy
festival; feast; carnival
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
enjoyment; pleasure; diversion; anticipation; looking forward to
email; mail (usu. in compound words); post; message (sent over a chat application); instant message; male
writing; composition; essay; sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
to take (a photo); to record (video, audio, etc.); to make (a film)
photograph; photo; picture; moving picture; movie
attaching (documents, etc.); appending; affixing
to project; to show; to portray; to depict; to describe
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to become loose; to slacken (e.g. rope); to become less tense; to relax; to slacken (e.g. coldness, supervision); to become lax; to become softer (e.g. ground, facial expression)
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
going around; patrol; round; tour
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
adds force or indicates command
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
long, slender and well-proportioned; smooth, continuous (movement)
senior high school student
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing