prefix for forming ordinal numbers
counter for stories, episodes of TV series, etc.
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to break; to be broken; to be folded; to give in; to back down; to turn (a corner)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
don't you think?; indicates question
storm; tempest; uproar; hullabaloo; storm (e.g. of protest)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
root (of a plant); stump (of a tree); root (of a problem, etc.); base
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to cut up; to cleave; to spare (time, money, etc.); to use part of something; (arch.) to have a tattoo in the corner of one's eye
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
dainty; delicate (e.g. fingers); fine; sensitive; delicate (feelings, sense, etc.); subtle
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
when it comes to ...; if one were to speak of ...; by ... you mean ...; when you say ... you mean that ...; whenever ...; if it's ... then (without fail)
10th month of the lunisolar calendar (traditional first month of winter, approx. November); late autumn; late fall
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
asafetida (Ferula assafoetida)
aaah!; oooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
decision; determination; resolution
confession; acknowledgement; confession of love; professing one's feelings; confession of sins (e.g. the confessional)
in an instant; in a flash; right away; immediately
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...