promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
payback; tit for tat; retaliation; doing over again; redoing
and; thereupon; because of that
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
arbor; arbour; suffix forming the final part of the pseudonyms of some writers and performers; suffix forming the final part of the name of a restaurant
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
highly priced; expensive; valuable; costly
lodging; inn; house; home; home of a servant's parents (or guarantor, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
private room; single (room); room for one; (toilet) stall
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
chair; stool; post; office; position
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
knee; lap; knee and thigh (while sitting)
to break; to fracture; to fold; to bend; to make (origami); to interrupt
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
to look up at; to raise one's eyes; to look up to; to admire; to respect
in that way; thus; so; so?
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to order; to command; to appoint
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
now; the present time; just now; another; more
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...