indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
name; given name; first name
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
(distinction of) sex; gender
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
please (give me); please (do for me)
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
machine; mechanism; instrument; appliance; apparatus
voice; speech; phone (as opposed to a phoneme); speech sound; audio; sound (as opposed to the picture)
in accordance with; according to
beforehand; in advance; ahead of time; previously
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to put on (one's head); to wear; to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
recognition; acknowledgement; acknowledgment; approval; consent; agreement
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
service; help; discount; discounted item; free service; freebie; service
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to graze (e.g. bullet); to scratch; to touch lightly; to take a percentage; to exploit; to squeeze
passing (an examination, inspection, etc.); pass (for admission, transport, etc.); ticket; pass (of a ball); pass (ceding one's turn); giving (something) a pass; pass (ceding one's turn after there are no more useful moves)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled (of an arrangement, conclusion, etc.)
February; second month of the lunar calendar
end; tip; end (of the year, month, etc.); close; youngest child; descendants; offspring
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
use; utilization; utilisation; application
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to line up; to stand in a line; to rival; to match; to equal
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to wind (of a road, river, etc.); to meander; to twist; to undulate; to surge; to swell
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!