Hokkaido (island, prefectural-level administrative unit)
female office worker; office lady; overlap; orienteering
fellow; mutual; companion; comrade
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
serious; not joking; straight
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be present (esp. during a birth); to be witness to
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
bag; sack; skin of an orange (and other like fruits); dead end; plot of land surrounded by water
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
far from; anything but; not at all; let alone; to say nothing of; not to mention
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
excursion; field trip; school trip
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that's true; of course; obviously
such; like that; that sort of; very
unrelated; irrelevant; unconcerned; unconnected
myself; yourself; I; me; you
junior high school student; middle school pupil
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do